Who Holds the Record · country brief · data as of 2026-10-01Who holds the health record in Serbia?
In 2026, Serbia scores 55 of 100 on a person's right to see, control and share their own health record: rank 40= of 196 countries (likely range 24 to 51), in the Mixed band (45 to 64). Who holds the keys: Shared. Source: Who Holds the Record, SuperTruth, data as of 2026-10-01.
Serbs can see labs, scans and an access log in the eZdravlje portal, but the central eKarton began in 2026 and private care sits outside.
Published · updated · data as of 2026-10-01 · research tool, not legal advice
Can I get my health records in Serbia?
Access to the full record scores 62 of 100 in Serbia, against a median of 43 across 196 countries. Serbian law gives a right to see and copy the medical record, and the state eZdravlje portal shows doctors' reports, lab results, radiology images and e-prescriptions. Only 1,778,802 people had registered by May 2025, and some institutions' data is missing, so the score sits low in the portal band.
Can I control who sees my health record in Serbia?
Control and consent scores 60 of 100 in Serbia, against a median of 30 across 196 countries. Only the chosen doctor, referred specialists and emergency staff may open the eKarton by law; other clinicians need the patient's consent, and the portal logs every access. No way to block the chosen doctor was found, so the score sits at the band's bottom.
Eight rights, against Cyprus, San Marino, Switzerland and the EU
| Patient access to the full record20% | 62 | 64 · 70 · 55 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient control and consent20% | 60 | 46 · 55 · 60 | |
| Privacy and security15% | 46 | 58 · 52 · 60 | |
| Connected care journey15% | 64 | 58 · 56 · 40 | |
| Protection from commercial use10% | 46 | 54 · 50 · 58 | |
| Clinician access at the point of care10% | 55 | 55 · 48 · 38 | |
| Research and trial consent5% | 46 | 45 · 46 · 66 | |
| Clinical AI governance5% | 40 | 50 · 40 · 56 |
Black dot: Serbia. Hollow dots: Cyprus, San Marino, Switzerland (scores on the right, same order). Grey line: median of all 196 countries. Dashed teal line: EU median. Overall: Serbia 55, EU median 61. Scores move in steps of about 5; read the rank with its likely range.
What would Serbia need to change to score higher?
Serbia sits in Mixed (45 to 64); Strong starts at 65. The two rights furthest below the 196-country median, weighted, are research and trial consent (46, median 46) and protection from commercial use (46, median 45). The published rubric reads:
- Research and trial consent: A general opt-out that is honoured, or dynamic or opt-in consent, with a public register of research uses: 55 to 85.
- Protection from commercial use: Clear limits on selling health data or using it for marketing, covering apps and data brokers as well as providers.
Which laws give health record rights in Serbia?
- Zakon o pravima pacijenata (Sl. glasnik RS 45/2013) (2013): Right to see the record and get a copy at own cost; written consent for research.
- Zakon o zastiti podataka o licnosti (Sl. glasnik RS 87/2018) (2018): GDPR-style law; health data special category; 72-hour breach notice; fines up to RSD 2 million.
- Zakon o zdravstvenoj dokumentaciji i evidencijama u oblasti zdravstva (Sl. glasnik RS 92/2023) (2023): Creates eKarton and genetic register, sets clinician access and consent rules for research reuse.
Strain and split context, not scored
- Doctors per 10,000
- 32.1 2023
- Nurses and midwives per 10,000
- 70.2 2023
- Private insurance + out-of-pocket
- 33.3% 2023
- Record reaches private care?
- unknown
Published stories
- 2026-04-03 · Danas Thousands of patients' medical reports from a private clinic appear on the dark web
Questions, corrections or a briefing: supertruth.ai/on-the-record#contact · Full index: whoholds.supertruth.ai