Who Holds the Record · country brief · data as of 2026-10-01Who holds the health record in North Macedonia?
In 2026, North Macedonia scores 45 of 100 on a person's right to see, control and share their own health record: rank 70= of 196 countries (likely range 52 to 93), in the Mixed band (45 to 64). Who holds the keys: State. Source: Who Holds the Record, SuperTruth, data as of 2026-10-01.
North Macedonia has run one national e-health system since 2013, but the state controls it, patients see only part, and auditors found weak security.
Published · updated · data as of 2026-10-01 · research tool, not legal advice
Can I get my health records in North Macedonia?
Access to the full record scores 60 of 100 in North Macedonia, against a median of 43 across 196 countries. Patients have a legal right to see their medical file, and the national Moe Zdravje app shows referrals, prescriptions and vaccinations. Copies cost the real price, usage was not verified, and the minister says full record access comes with an upgrade planned for 2028 to 2029.
Can I control who sees my health record in North Macedonia?
Control and consent scores 28 of 100 in North Macedonia, against a median of 30 across 196 countries. The national record opens to any doctor during an exam, with no patient opt-out and no access history the patient can see. The Ministry and the Health Insurance Fund manage the data, and the 2026 strategy only plans a consent tool and access log.
Eight rights, against Russia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus and the EU
| Patient access to the full record20% | 60 | 60 · 50 · 50 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient control and consent20% | 28 | 30 · 32 · 45 | |
| Privacy and security15% | 42 | 34 · 52 · 35 | |
| Connected care journey15% | 52 | 55 · 45 · 55 | |
| Protection from commercial use10% | 48 | 40 · 50 · 45 | |
| Clinician access at the point of care10% | 50 | 45 · 42 · 50 | |
| Research and trial consent5% | 46 | 42 · 49 · 49 | |
| Clinical AI governance5% | 30 | 55 · 30 · 40 |
Black dot: North Macedonia. Hollow dots: Russia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus (scores on the right, same order). Grey line: median of all 196 countries. Dashed teal line: EU median. Overall: North Macedonia 45, EU median 61. Scores move in steps of about 5; read the rank with its likely range.
What would North Macedonia need to change to score higher?
North Macedonia sits in Mixed (45 to 64); Strong starts at 65. The two rights furthest below the 196-country median, weighted, are privacy and security (42, median 45) and patient control and consent (28, median 30). The published rubric reads:
- Privacy and security: Health-sector enforcement on the record: an independent regulator deciding health-data cases, breach notification and penalties applied.
- Patient control and consent: An opt-out or opt-in, a patient-visible access log and granular choices together put control at 60 to 80.
Which laws give health record rights in North Macedonia?
- Law on Protection of Patients' Rights (2008): Right to inspect the medical file and buy copies; confidentiality; written consent and ethics approval for research.
- Law on Personal Data Protection (42/2020) (2020): GDPR-style law: health as special category, 72-hour breach notice, fines up to 4% of income.
- Law amending the Law on Records in Health (164/2013) (2013): Creates the national electronic health records system, managed by the Ministry and Health Insurance Fund.
Strain and split context, not scored
- Doctors per 10,000
- 29.4 2022
- Nurses and midwives per 10,000
- 55.1 2022
- Private insurance + out-of-pocket
- 42.1% 2023
- Record reaches private care?
- unknown
Published stories
- 2026-07-29 · Агенција за заштита на личните податоци (AZLP), North Macedonia Hospital fined after another person's health details were put in a patient's record
- 2025-05-07 · Призма (BIRN North Macedonia) Patient refused care after a clinician read their electronic health record
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