Who Holds the Record · country brief · data as of 2026-10-01Who holds the health record in Belarus?
In 2026, Belarus scores 46 of 100 on a person's right to see, control and share their own health record: rank 66= of 196 countries (likely range 49 to 87), in the Mixed band (45 to 64). Who holds the keys: State. Source: Who Holds the Record, SuperTruth, data as of 2026-10-01.
Belarusians can keep their records out of the new state health system, but police and security bodies can obtain medical secrets without consent.
Published · updated · data as of 2026-10-01 · research tool, not legal advice
Can I get my health records in Belarus?
Access to the full record scores 50 of 100 in Belarus, against a median of 43 across 196 countries. The Health Care Law lets patients read their records and get free extracts within 5 days, but not a copy of the whole record. A national patient portal opened in test mode in June 2026, and just over 2.2 million electronic cards existed in April.
Can I control who sees my health record in Belarus?
Control and consent scores 45 of 100 in Belarus, against a median of 30 across 196 countries. Patients have a legal right to refuse having medical secrets entered into the central health system, made on a written form at their clinic. Otherwise records flow without consent, and no access log that patients can view was found.
Eight rights, against Ireland, North Macedonia, Russia and the EU
| Patient access to the full record20% | 50 | 55 · 60 · 60 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient control and consent20% | 45 | 30 · 28 · 30 | |
| Privacy and security15% | 35 | 56 · 42 · 34 | |
| Connected care journey15% | 55 | 38 · 52 · 55 | |
| Protection from commercial use10% | 45 | 58 · 48 · 40 | |
| Clinician access at the point of care10% | 50 | 36 · 50 · 45 | |
| Research and trial consent5% | 49 | 70 · 46 · 42 | |
| Clinical AI governance5% | 40 | 50 · 30 · 55 |
Black dot: Belarus. Hollow dots: Ireland, North Macedonia, Russia (scores on the right, same order). Grey line: median of all 196 countries. Dashed teal line: EU median. Overall: Belarus 46, EU median 61. Scores move in steps of about 5; read the rank with its likely range.
What would Belarus need to change to score higher?
Belarus sits in Mixed (45 to 64); Strong starts at 65. The two rights furthest below the 196-country median, weighted, are privacy and security (35, median 45) and protection from commercial use (45, median 45). The published rubric reads:
- Privacy and security: Health-sector enforcement on the record: an independent regulator deciding health-data cases, breach notification and penalties applied.
- Protection from commercial use: Clear limits on selling health data or using it for marketing, covering apps and data brokers as well as providers.
Which laws give health record rights in Belarus?
- Law No. 2435-XII on Health Care (1993): Right to read records and get extracts; medical secrecy and exceptions; CISZ and the right to refuse entry.
- Law No. 99-Z on Personal Data Protection (2021): Health data is special; consent needed except listed cases; breaches reported to regulator within 3 working days.
- Presidential Decree No. 422 on improving personal data protection (2021): Creates the National Personal Data Protection Center with inspection and order powers.
Strain and split context, not scored
- Doctors per 10,000
- 48.0 2024
- Nurses and midwives per 10,000
- 108 2024
- Private insurance + out-of-pocket
- 30.2% 2023
- Record reaches private care?
- unknown
Published stories
- 2025-04-07 · Onliner (people.onliner.by) Private clinic sent a patient a wrong test report, regulator and court confirmed
- 2025-11-13 · Onliner (people.onliner.by) Patient suing a private clinic says it would not hand over her records
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