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Who Holds the Record: health record rights in 65 countries

In none of the 65 countries scored in 2026 does the person hold the keys to their own health record; Finland leads at 71 of 100.

An open index by SuperTruth that scores countries from 0 to 100 on one question: can a person see, control and share their own health record? Data as of 2026-10-02, version 1.0.

Key findings

• In none of the 65 countries we rated does the person hold the keys to their own health record. Control sits with the state or providers: 44 Shared, 7 Institutional, 14 State.
• Finland scores highest at 71 of 100. The median is 57. No country reaches the Leading band (85 and up).
• By band: 9 Strong, 45 Mixed, 11 Weak. Egypt is last at 33.
• In 41 of the 53 countries we could check, the public health record does not fully reach private care.
• 272 published accounts of real record problems, from regulators, courts and the news, sit beside the scores without changing them.
• Every score cites the public pages it rests on. Data and scores are open under CC BY 4.0.

Scores move in steps of about 5 points, so read ranks as ranges. The full method, the audit of our own scores and every source are public.

Top 10

Full ranking · Strain and split · What people report

Images

Free to use with credit to SuperTruth.

Data

Scores (CSV) · Sources (CSV) · Everything (JSON) · one-page brief for every country at /brief/ISO3/

Method in brief

Each country gets a score from 0 to 100 in eight weighted categories: access to the full record (20%), control and consent (20%), privacy and security (15%), connected care (15%), protection from commercial use (10%), clinician access (10%), research consent (5%) and clinical AI governance (5%). Research agents built on Anthropic's Claude did the research in each country's language, opening every cited source; a second agent cross-checked each country; the authors reviewed the results. We audited our own scores, published every change, tested how stable the ranking is, and ran a blind re-scoring.

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About SuperTruth

SuperTruth is a data truth company. Before an AI model acts on a record, a place, or another agent, we prove it.

It works in three parts. DTI™ is our patented trust score: 0 to 100, across eight dimensions, on any record. DataSpine is our sourced map of every place in the U.S.: tens of millions of data points, each with its source and vintage. VIGIL scores the AI agents that use that data and locks the result in a hash-chained ledger nobody can quietly edit.

We started in health because a wrong record there costs the most. The same proof works in finance, media, and anywhere you trust a machine to act.

SuperTruth: Data truth is AI truth.

SuperTruth sells health data verification products. We built this index and chose its stories ourselves; no one paid to be included.

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