Who Holds the Record · country brief · data as of 2026-10-01Who holds the health record in Ethiopia?
In 2026, Ethiopia scores 37 of 100 on a person's right to see, control and share their own health record: rank 108= of 196 countries (likely range 84 to 142), in the Weak band (25 to 44). Who holds the keys: State. Source: Who Holds the Record, SuperTruth, data as of 2026-10-01.
Ethiopia passed a GDPR-style data law in 2024 and plans paperless hospitals by 2030, but patients have no portal and little control today.
Published · updated · data as of 2026-10-01 · research tool, not legal advice
Can I get my health records in Ethiopia?
Access to the full record scores 40 of 100 in Ethiopia, against a median of 43 across 196 countries. The 2024 data protection law gives a free right of access with no fixed deadline, but key directives were still pending in late 2025 and there is no patient portal. Score: base 45, minus 5 no deadline, plus 5 portability, minus 5 enforcement rules pending.
Can I control who sees my health record in Ethiopia?
Control and consent scores 28 of 100 in Ethiopia, against a median of 30 across 196 countries. Article 47 of Proclamation No. 1362/2024 lets records be used and shared for care, public health, research and legal purposes without asking the patient, and there is no opt-out or patient-visible access log. Scored 28, level with Nigeria, in the 20 to 35 band.
Eight rights, against Benin, Tunisia, Côte d'Ivoire and the EU
| Patient access to the full record20% | 40 | 45 · 40 · 35 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient control and consent20% | 28 | 30 · 35 · 30 | |
| Privacy and security15% | 44 | 52 · 45 · 48 | |
| Connected care journey15% | 30 | 22 · 30 · 38 | |
| Protection from commercial use10% | 50 | 45 · 44 · 45 | |
| Clinician access at the point of care10% | 24 | 20 · 28 · 36 | |
| Research and trial consent5% | 49 | 50 · 49 · 49 | |
| Clinical AI governance5% | 56 | 30 · 27 · 25 |
Black dot: Ethiopia. Hollow dots: Benin, Tunisia, Côte d'Ivoire (scores on the right, same order). Grey line: median of all 196 countries. Dashed teal line: EU median. Overall: Ethiopia 37, EU median 61. Scores move in steps of about 5; read the rank with its likely range.
What would Ethiopia need to change to score higher?
Ethiopia sits in Weak (25 to 44); Mixed starts at 45. The two rights furthest below the 196-country median, weighted, are connected care journey (30, median 38) and clinician access at the point of care (24, median 34). The published rubric reads:
- Connected care journey: Primary care, hospitals, labs, pharmacy, claims and public health linked to one record and used at national scale.
- Clinician access at the point of care: Treating clinicians able to see the full record across providers, under consent and emergency rules.
Which laws give health record rights in Ethiopia?
- Personal Data Protection Proclamation No. 1321/2024 (2024): Health is sensitive data; free access right; 72-hour breach notice; selling personal data is a crime.
- Health Service Administration and Regulation Proclamation No. 1362/2024 (2025): Consent-based care, health research consent and approval, confidential health information; repeals Proclamation No. 661.
- Council of Ministers Regulation No. 299/2013 (Food, Medicine and Health Care Administration) (2013): Professional confidentiality and clinical trial ethics committees. Status after the 2025 proclamation not verified.
Strain and split context, not scored
- Doctors per 10,000
- 1.6 2024
- Nurses and midwives per 10,000
- 10.8 2024
- Private insurance + out-of-pocket
- 48.2% 2023
- Record reaches private care?
- unknown
Published stories
- none published in the last two years
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